There is broad consensus among Europeans that turnout levels and majority size matter for the legitimacy of a referendum. We further identify that citizens find it easier to accept an outcome that maintains the status quo situation.
Because of the negative consequences that follow from loss, citizens who dislike the policy decision in question are disposed to believe that the winning camp has acted unfairly. We explore whether a good loser message from an in-group leader – a …
What characteristics in politicians are attractive to populist voters and what constitutes atypical populist politician in the eyes of Western European citizens?
Citizens of lower socio-economic status tend to want politicians with higher socio-economic status even if they know their political views will be less represented.