representation

Upward Representation Bias: How Voters Sustain Political Inequality

Citizens of lower socio-economic status tend to want politicians with higher socio-economic status even if they know their political views will be less represented.

Do citizens make inferences from political candidate characteristics when aiming for substantive representation?

We elicit citizens' preferences over hypothetical candidates by applying conjoint survey experiments within a probability-based online panel of the Norwegian electorate. Our experimental treatments differ in whether citizens receive information about …